Question 1

Which of the following elements exists in allotropic forms?

Accepted Answer

A)   silicon
B)   germanium
C)   tin
D)   lead
E)   xenonF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

According to the phase diagram of carbon, what pressure and temperature conditions, if any, are needed in order for diamond to be the stable phase?

Accepted Answer

A)   low pressure, low temperature
B)   low pressure, high temperature
C)   high pressure, low temperature
D)   high pressure, high temperature
E)   Actually, diamond is not stable under any conditions.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 3

Which element forms compounds which are used to treat individuals suffering from manic-depressive disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)   fluorine
B)   lithium
C)   boron
D)   beryllium
E)   arsenicF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following has the most allotropes?

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon
B)   sulfur
C)   oxygen
D)   selenium
E)   nitrogenF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Which of the following oxides will give the most acidic solution when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

A)   MgO
B)   Al2O3
C)   Cl2O
D)   SrO
E)   H2O2F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Sodium tripolyphosphate is useful

Accepted Answer

A)   as a starting material in the synthesis of organic phosphorus compounds.
B)   as a water-softening agent.
C)   as an emulsifier in making of processed cheese.
D)   as a radiator corrosion inhibitor.
E)   as a fertilizer.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

What is the highest oxidation state of chlorine in any of its compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)   -1
B)   0
C)   +1
D)   +3
E)   +7F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Oxides of group 1A (1) and 2A (2) elements are strongly acidic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the effective nuclear charge, Zeff, is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   Zeff increases with the size of the atom.
B)   Zeff decreases across a period and increases down a group.
C)   Zeff increases across a period and is relatively constant down a group.
D)   Zeff increases as the value of the principal quantum number increases.
E)   Zeff is greater for hydrogen than for any other element.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Silicon halides have stronger bonds than corresponding carbon halides. Which of the following is a possible explanation of this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)   The larger silicon atoms permit better overlap of its atomic orbitals with those of the halogens than the smaller carbons atoms do.
B)   The large electronegativity difference between silicon and the halogens makes their bonds stronger than those of carbon.
C)   Silicon has the ability to form a partial double bond with a halogen through the overlap of its d-orbital with a p-orbital of the halogen.
D)   Silicon has a larger effective nuclear charge than carbon which allows it to bond more strongly to the more negative halogens than carbon.
E)   Carbon-halogen bonds are unusually weak.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

The elements from Groups 1A(1)  and 2A(2)  are

Accepted Answer

A)   strong acids.
B)   strong bases.
C)   amphoteric.
D)   strong oxidizing agents.
E)   strong reducing agents.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Which of the following hydroxides will be the most basic?

Accepted Answer

A)   B(OH) 3
B)   Al(OH) 3
C)   Ga(OH) 3
D)   In(OH) 3
E)   TlOHF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 13

Write balanced equations, showing all reactants and products, to represent
a. roasting of limestone (CaCO3) to give lime.
b. tetraphosphorus decaoxide (P4O10) reacting with water to produce phosphoric acid.

Accepted Answer

a. CaCO₃(s) ...

Question 14

Unlike the remainder of the Group 1A(1)  elements, lithium forms many salts that have some covalent bond character. What is a reason for this behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   The high first ionization energy of lithium makes sharing the electron easier than transferring it.
B)   The high charge density on the lithium cation deforms nearby polarizable electron clouds.
C)   The atomic radius of lithium enables it to share its valence electron effectively.
D)   Since lithium has only 1 electron in its 2s orbital, it can accept an electron from another element.
E)   Lithium's electronegativity is more like that of a non-metal than a metal.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

Name the three different classes (types) of hydride, and list some of their important characteristics.

Accepted Answer

1. Ionic hydrides form with metals from ...

Question 16

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. H2O(l)  + ClF5(l)  

Accepted Answer

A)   HClO2(aq)  + HF(aq) 
B)   HClO3(aq)  + HF(aq) 
C)   HClO(aq)  + HF(aq) 
D)   HCl(aq)  + HF(aq) 
E)   HClO(aq)  + HFO(aq) F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Xenon forms several compounds with oxygen and fluorine. It is the most reactive non-radioactive noble gas because

Accepted Answer

A)   its large radius allows oxygen and fluorine to bond without being crowded.
B)   it has the highest electronegativity of these noble gases.
C)   it has the highest electron affinity of these noble gases.
D)   its effective nuclear charge is lower than the other noble gases.
E)   it has the lowest ionization energy of these noble gases.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Ca3As2(s)  + H2O(l)  

Accepted Answer

A)   As3+(aq)  + Ca(OH) 2(aq) 
B)   As(OH) 3(s)  + Ca2+(aq)  + H2(g) 
C)   As(OH) 3(s)  + Ca(OH) 2(aq) 
D)   AsH3(g)  + Ca(OH) 2(aq) 
E)   CaH2(aq)  + As2O3(aq) F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Li(s)  + CH3Cl(g)  

Accepted Answer

A)   CH3CH3(g)  + LiCl(s) 
B)   CH4(g)  + LiCl(s) 
C)   CH3Li(s)  + LiCl(s) 
D)   CH3Li(s)  + Cl2(g) 
E)   CH2Li(s)  + HCl(g) F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the alkali metals has the highest melting point?

Accepted Answer

A)   Li
B)   Na
C)   K
D)   Rb
E)   CsF) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Exam 14: Periodic Patterns in the Main Group Elements: Bonding, Structure, and Reactivity

Which of the following statements about the effective nuclear charge, Zeff, is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Write balanced equations, showing all reactants and products, to represent a. roasting of limestone (CaCO3) to give lime. b. tetraphosphorus decaoxide (P4O10) reacting with water to produce phosphoric acid.

Correct Answerverifieda. CaCO3(s) ...View AnswerShow Answer

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Ca3As2(s) + H2O(l) 

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following elements exists in allotropic forms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sodium tripolyphosphate is useful

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the alkali metals has the highest melting point?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Silicon halides have stronger bonds than corresponding carbon halides. Which of the following is a possible explanation of this phenomenon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. H2O(l) + ClF5(l) 

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which element forms compounds which are used to treat individuals suffering from manic-depressive disorders?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the highest oxidation state of chlorine in any of its compounds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The elements from Groups 1A(1) and 2A(2) are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Li(s) + CH3Cl(g) 

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the phase diagram of carbon, what pressure and temperature conditions, if any, are needed in order for diamond to be the stable phase?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following oxides will give the most acidic solution when dissolved in water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxides of group 1A (1) and 2A (2) elements are strongly acidic.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Xenon forms several compounds with oxygen and fluorine. It is the most reactive non-radioactive noble gas because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unlike the remainder of the Group 1A(1) elements, lithium forms many salts that have some covalent bond character. What is a reason for this behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Name the three different classes (types) of hydride, and list some of their important characteristics.

Correct Answerverified1. Ionic hydrides form with metals from ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following has the most allotropes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following hydroxides will be the most basic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the effective nuclear charge, Z_eff, is correct?

Correct Answer
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Write balanced equations, showing all reactants and products, to represent a. roasting of limestone (CaCO₃) to give lime. b. tetraphosphorus decaoxide (P₄O₁₀) reacting with water to produce phosphoric acid.

Correct Answer
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a. CaCO₃(s) ...
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Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Ca₃As₂(s) + H₂O(l) 

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Predict the products for the following set of reactants. H₂O(l) + ClF₅(l) 

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Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Li(s) + CH₃Cl(g) 

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1. Ionic hydrides form with metals from ...
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