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Omega,Inc.sells its fitness wrist band for $100.It cost the company $62 to make the product.While Tom values the Omega wrist band at $122,his friend Dan values it at $105.The value placed by Tom and Dan are what economists would call


A) producer's surplus.
B) each customer's reservation price.
C) each customer's value price.
D) the efficiency frontier.
E) competitive advantage.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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For Bank of America,"production" typically occurs when the


A) customer specifies the service requirements.
B) service is paid for by the customer.
C) service is designed in-house.
D) service is delivered to the customer.
E) customer provides feedback.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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A firm's profitability is maximized when it


A) creates products similar to the products of its competitors.
B) strips all the value out of its product offering.
C) ensures that it has the right organization structure in place to execute its strategy.
D) picks a position on the efficiency frontier that is not viable.
E) does not configure its internal operations to reduce costs.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The experience curve refers to systematic increases in production costs that have been observed to occur over the life of a product.

A) True
B) False

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Omega recently found that its flagship product had cost the company $129 to manufacture when the company launched it ten years ago.Now,the same product cost just $72 to manufacture.Which of the following terms best represents the systematic reductions in production costs that Omega has achieved over the ten-year life of its flagship product?


A) global web
B) dispersion linkage
C) economies of scale
D) experience curve
E) efficiency frontier

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Discuss the significance of value creation.According to Michael Porter,what are the two primary strategies for creating value?

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The way to increase the profitability of...

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The actions that managers take to attain the goals of the firm are referred to as a firm's strategy.

A) True
B) False

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What are operations of a firm? How can operations be categorized?

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The operations of a firm can be thought ...

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Which of the following functions creates a perception of superior value in the minds of consumers by solving consumer problems and by supporting them after they have purchased the product?


A) production
B) marketing and sales
C) human resources
D) customer service
E) logistics

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Processes are the


A) manner in which decisions are made and work is performed within the organization.
B) metrics used to measure the performance of subunits.
C) devices used to reward appropriate managerial behavior.
D) metrics used to make judgments about how well managers are running the subunits.
E) norms and value systems that are shared among the employees of an organization.

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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In terms of attaining a competitive advantage,support activities can be as important as the primary activities of the firm.

A) True
B) False

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Managing an alliance successfully requires building interpersonal relationships between the firms' managers,or what is sometimes referred to as


A) relational capital.
B) interorganizational synergy.
C) power equilibrium.
D) symbiotics.
E) intraorganizational coordination.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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_____ are a part of the organization architecture that consists of the metrics used to measure the performance of subunits and make judgments about how well managers are running those subunits.


A) Reports
B) Controls
C) Rewards
D) Knowledge flows
E) Dominions

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following is true of a transnational strategy?


A) It is easy to implement because it does not place any conflicting demands on a company.
B) It is used when the pressures for cost reductions are low.
C) It is usually used when the pressure for local responsiveness is relatively low.
D) It enables the one-way flow of core competencies.
E) It is used by firms that try to achieve low costs through location economies,economies of scale,and learning effects.

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Omega,Inc.sells its fitness wrist band for $100.It cost the company $62 to make the product.Customers value the wrist band at $110.While Omega's pricing practice results in a consumer surplus,it typically charges a lower price for the wrist band than the value placed on it by customers because


A) the value creation results in a corresponding reduction in costs of production.
B) it is highly unlikely that the same good or service will be available to the customers from other firms.
C) the firm is competing with other firms for the customer's business.
D) the firm charges a price that reveals a consumer's assessment of the product's value.
E) the firm creates value for the customer by producing a wide range of products.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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According to researchers,firms facing strong pressures for local responsiveness should pursue a global standardization strategy.

A) True
B) False

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The ability to spread fixed costs over a large volume is one of the sources of economies of scale.

A) True
B) False

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American Apparel produces in-house all the products that it sells through its network of stores.It has a function in its value chain that controls the transmission of physical materials through the value chain,from procurement through production and into distribution.For American Apparel,that function is


A) human resources.
B) finance.
C) marketing.
D) logistics.
E) research and development.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Who among the following should be viewed as part of a firm's infrastructure?


A) procurement manager
B) top management
C) production manager
D) research and development scientist
E) marketing personnel

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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According to Michael Porter,superior profitability goes to a firm that


A) creates similar products as their competitors.
B) keeps the gap between value and cost of production smaller than the gap attained by competitors.
C) drives down the cost structure of its business.
D) has the highest cost structure in the industry.
E) has the least valuable product in the industry.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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